Glícia Estevam de Abreu 1, Leonardo Azevedo de Souza 1, Maria Luiza Veiga da Fonseca 1, Tâmara Barreto Carneiro Barbosa 1, Eneida Regis Dourado de Mello 1, Ananda Nacif Baião Nunes 1, Ubirajara de Oliveira Barroso Jr 1
- PMID: 33525925
- DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001579
Abstract
Purpose: Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation has been used to manage lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to standard urotherapy. Nevertheless, its actual effectiveness in treatment of bladder and bowel dysfunction remains to be established. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of children with bladder and bowel dysfunction.
Materials and methods: This was a randomized clinical trial conducted with children and adolescents of 5-17 years of age diagnosed with bladder and bowel dysfunction. Patients with neurological or anatomical abnormalities of urinary or digestive tracts, those unable to attend treatment sessions 3 times a week, individuals with diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus and those using anticholinergic drugs or laxatives were excluded from the study. The sample was divided into 2 groups: a control group submitted to standard urotherapy plus sham electrotherapy applied to the scapular region and a treatment group submitted to urotherapy plus parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. All the patients were submitted to 3, 20-minute electrotherapy (parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or sham) sessions/week for a total of 20 sessions.
Results: Forty patients were evaluated, 20 in the control group and 20 in the treatment group. Mean age (±standard deviation) was 8.4±2.8 years and 52.5% were male. In 15 patients (37.5%), rectal diameter was ≥3 cm. Lower urinary tract symptoms improved in both groups following treatment, with no statistically significant differences in Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System score, lower urinary tract symptoms or uroflowmetry patterns between the groups. Intragroup evaluation showed a significant improvement in enuresis in the treatment group. There was a significant improvement in functional constipation post-intervention in treatment group compared to control group (70% vs 20%, p=0.004).
Conclusions: Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is effective for treatment of bladder and bowel dysfunction in children and adolescents, particularly insofar as functional constipation is concerned.
Keywords: adolescent; child; constipation; lower urinary tract symptoms; transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation.
Comment in
- Pediatric Dysfunctional Elimination: Cars and Continence-Is Electricity the Future?Pope JC 4th.J Urol. 2021 Jun;205(6):1557-1558. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001761. Epub 2021 Mar 29.PMID: 33780280 No abstract available.
- Editorial Comment.Groen LA.J Urol. 2021 Jun;205(6):1791. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001579.01. Epub 2021 Apr 1.PMID: 33792351 No abstract available.